KAJIAN HISTORIS TERHADAP WABAH PADA MASA NABI MUHAMMAD SAW (571-632 M)

Novita, Nurlaeli Handayani (2021) KAJIAN HISTORIS TERHADAP WABAH PADA MASA NABI MUHAMMAD SAW (571-632 M). Skripsi thesis, IAIN Purwokerto.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Nabi Muhammad SAW mengalami berbagai macam tantangan salah satunya ialah wabah penyakit yang terjadi pada masanya (571-632 M). Kemunculan wabah-wabah tersebut disebabkan oleh hewan dan kondisi alam serta kondisi sosial masyarakat sekitar. Dampak penularannya sangat cepat dan mematikan hingga para sahabat terjangkit. Namun saat kebijakaan Nabi Muhammad SAW diberikan wabah-wabah yang terjadi dapat meminimalisir penyebaran dan penularannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kajian pustaka (libarary research), dengan menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah. Metode penelitian sejarah memiliki empat tahap, yaitu heuristik (pengumpulan data), verifikasi (kritik sumber), interpretasi (penafsiran),dan historiografi. Tujuan penelitian ini antara lain: untuk memberikan gambaran tentang wabah-wabah yang terjadi pada masa Nabi Muhammad SAW tahun 571-632 M serta menguraikan upaya kebijakan yang diberikan oleh Nabi Muhammad SAW dalam menangani wabah-wabah yang terjadi pada masanya. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori challenge and respons yang dikemukakan oleh Arnold J. ToynBee, serta menggunakan pendekatan historis dan pendekatan geografi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah wabah yang terjadi pada masa Nabi Muhammad SAW dalam kurun waktu 571-632 M ialah wabah cacar, wabah demam, dan wabah lepar/kusta Wabah-wabah tersebut muncul dan memiliki gejala yang berbeda-beda dengan penularan dan penyebaran yang menjalar dengan cepat dan menimbulkan banyak korban jiwa. Para sahabat dan umat Muslim yang berada disekitarnya mengalami dampak dari wabah yang terjadi. Pemicu wabah ini disebabkan oleh hewan dan kondisi alam serta kondisi sosial masyarakat yang kurang baik. Kebijakan-kebijakan yang diberikan oleh Nabi Muhammad SAW dapat meminimalisir penularan dan penyebaran wabah ini diantaranya menahan diri di rumah, tidak bepergian, minum obat-obatan herbal dan menjaga kebersihan. Kata Kunci: Wabah, Kebijakan, Masa Nabi Muhammad. ABSTRACT Prophet Muhammad SAW experienced various kinds of challenges, one of which was a disease outbreak that occurred during his time (571-632 AD). The emergence of these outbreaks was caused by animals and natural conditions as well as the social conditions of the surrounding community. The impact of the transmission was very fast and deadly until the friends are infected. However, when the policy of the Prophet Muhammad SAW was given the plagues that occurred could be minimized the spread and transmission. This research is a research that uses library research. By doing historical research methods that use 4 methods in this study namely, heuristics (data collection), verification (source criticism), interpretation (interpretation), and historiography. The objectives of this study include: to provide an overview of the plagues that occurred during the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW in 571-632 AD and to describe the policy efforts given by the Prophet Muhammad SAW in dealing with the plagues that occurred during his time. The theory used in this study is the challenge and response theory proposed by Arnold J. ToynBee, and uses a historical approach and a geographical approach. The results obtained from this study are epidemics that occurred during the time of the Prophet Muhammad in the period 571-632 AD, namely smallpox outbreaks, fever outbreaks, and leprosy/leprosy outbreaks. These outbreaks appear and have different symptoms with transmission and spread that spread quickly and cause many casualties. His friends and Muslims who were around him experienced the impact of the plague that occurred. The trigger for this epidemic was caused by animals and natural conditions as well as the unfavorable social conditions of the community. The policies given by the Prophet Muhammad SAW can minimize the transmission and spread of this epidemic, including refraining from home, not traveling, taking herbal medicines and maintaining cleanliness. Keywords: Plague, Policy, Period of Prophet Muhammad.

Item Type: Thesis (Skripsi)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Wabah, Kebijakan, Masa Nabi Muhammad.
Subjects: 2x9 Sejarah Islam dan Biografi > 2x9.1 Zaman Nabi Muhammad saw
Divisions: Fakultas Ushuluddin Adab dan Humaniora > Sejarah Peradaban Islam
Depositing User: Novita Nurlaeli Handayani sdri
Date Deposited: 17 Nov 2021 01:13
Last Modified: 17 Nov 2021 01:13
URI: http://repository.uinsaizu.ac.id/id/eprint/12191

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